external/libucl external/libelf external/libmachista tests docs \

	external/liblua scripts] {

DIRS=	expat blake2 picosat linenoise libfetch sqlite libucl liblua @libabidir@

include /usr/home/bapt/dev/pkg/mk/defs.mk

LIB=	lua

.PATH:	$(top_srcdir)/external/lua/src/

SRCS=	lapi.c \

	lcode.c \

	lctype.c \

	ldebug.c \

	ldo.c \

	ldump.c \

	lfunc.c \

	lgc.c \

	llex.c \

	lmem.c \

	lobject.c \

	lopcodes.c \

	lparser.c \

	lstate.c \

	lstring.c \

	ltable.c \

	ltm.c \

	lundump.c \

	lvm.c \

	lzio.c \

	lauxlib.c \

	lbaselib.c \

	lbitlib.c \

	lcorolib.c \

	ldblib.c \

	liolib.c \

	lmathlib.c \

	loslib.c \

	lstrlib.c \

	ltablib.c \

	lutf8lib.c \

	loadlib.c \

	linit.c

include $(MK)/static-lib.mk

include @builddir@/mk/defs.mk

LIB=	lua

.PATH:	$(top_srcdir)/external/lua/src/

SRCS=	lapi.c \

	lcode.c \

	lctype.c \

	ldebug.c \

	ldo.c \

	ldump.c \

	lfunc.c \

	lgc.c \

	llex.c \

	lmem.c \

	lobject.c \

	lopcodes.c \

	lparser.c \

	lstate.c \

	lstring.c \

	ltable.c \

	ltm.c \

	lundump.c \

	lvm.c \

	lzio.c \

	lauxlib.c \

	lbaselib.c \

	lbitlib.c \

	lcorolib.c \

	ldblib.c \

	liolib.c \

	lmathlib.c \

	loslib.c \

	lstrlib.c \

	ltablib.c \

	lutf8lib.c \

	loadlib.c \

	linit.c

include $(MK)/static-lib.mk

# Makefile for installing Lua

# See doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions.

# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================

# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.

PLAT= none

# Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories,

# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. See the local target.

# You may want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with

# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h.

INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local

INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin

INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include

INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib

INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1

INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/share/lua/$V

INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib/lua/$V

# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then

# you may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a.

INSTALL= install -p

INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) -m 0755

INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -m 0644

#

# If you don't have "install" you can use "cp" instead.

# INSTALL= cp -p

# INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL)

# INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL)

# Other utilities.

MKDIR= mkdir -p

RM= rm -f

# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======

# Convenience platforms targets.

PLATS= aix bsd c89 freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris

# What to install.

TO_BIN= lua luac

TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp

TO_LIB= liblua.a

TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1

# Lua version and release.

V= 5.3

R= $V.4

# Targets start here.

all:	$(PLAT)

$(PLATS) clean:

	cd src && $(MAKE) $@

test:	dummy

	src/lua -v

install: dummy

	cd src && $(MKDIR) $(INSTALL_BIN) $(INSTALL_INC) $(INSTALL_LIB) $(INSTALL_MAN) $(INSTALL_LMOD) $(INSTALL_CMOD)

	cd src && $(INSTALL_EXEC) $(TO_BIN) $(INSTALL_BIN)

	cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_INC) $(INSTALL_INC)

	cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_LIB) $(INSTALL_LIB)

	cd doc && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_MAN) $(INSTALL_MAN)

uninstall:

	cd src && cd $(INSTALL_BIN) && $(RM) $(TO_BIN)

	cd src && cd $(INSTALL_INC) && $(RM) $(TO_INC)

	cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RM) $(TO_LIB)

	cd doc && cd $(INSTALL_MAN) && $(RM) $(TO_MAN)

local:

	$(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=../install

none:

	@echo "Please do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:"

	@echo "   $(PLATS)"

	@echo "See doc/readme.html for complete instructions."

# make may get confused with test/ and install/

dummy:

# echo config parameters

echo:

	@cd src && $(MAKE) -s echo

	@echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)"

	@echo "V= $V"

	@echo "R= $R"

	@echo "TO_BIN= $(TO_BIN)"

	@echo "TO_INC= $(TO_INC)"

	@echo "TO_LIB= $(TO_LIB)"

	@echo "TO_MAN= $(TO_MAN)"

	@echo "INSTALL_TOP= $(INSTALL_TOP)"

	@echo "INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_BIN)"

	@echo "INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_INC)"

	@echo "INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_LIB)"

	@echo "INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_MAN)"

	@echo "INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_LMOD)"

	@echo "INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_CMOD)"

	@echo "INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL_EXEC)"

	@echo "INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL_DATA)"

# echo pkg-config data

pc:

	@echo "version=$R"

	@echo "prefix=$(INSTALL_TOP)"

	@echo "libdir=$(INSTALL_LIB)"

	@echo "includedir=$(INSTALL_INC)"

# list targets that do not create files (but not all makes understand .PHONY)

.PHONY: all $(PLATS) clean test install local none dummy echo pecho lecho

# (end of Makefile)

This is Lua 5.3.5, released on 26 Jun 2018.

For installation instructions, license details, and

further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html.

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE>Lua 5.3 Reference Manual - contents</TITLE>

<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">

<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="index.css">

<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<H1>

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>

Lua 5.3 Reference Manual

</H1>

<P>

The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language.

<BR>

For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/pil/">Programming in Lua</A>.

<DIV CLASS="menubar">

<A HREF="manual.html">start</A>

·

<A HREF="#contents">contents</A>

·

<A HREF="#index">index</A>

·

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/">other versions</A>

</DIV>

<P>

<SMALL>

Copyright © 2015–2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.

Freely available under the terms of the

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/license.html">Lua license</A>.

</SMALL>

<H2><A NAME="contents">Contents</A></H2>

<UL CLASS="contents menubar">

<LI><A HREF="manual.html">1 &ndash; Introduction</A>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2">2 &ndash; Basic Concepts</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.1">2.1 &ndash; Values and Types</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.2">2.2 &ndash; Environments and the Global Environment</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.3">2.3 &ndash; Error Handling</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.4">2.4 &ndash; Metatables and Metamethods</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5">2.5 &ndash; Garbage Collection</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.1">2.5.1 &ndash; Garbage-Collection Metamethods</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.5.2">2.5.2 &ndash; Weak Tables</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#2.6">2.6 &ndash; Coroutines</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3">3 &ndash; The Language</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.1">3.1 &ndash; Lexical Conventions</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.2">3.2 &ndash; Variables</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3">3.3 &ndash; Statements</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.1">3.3.1 &ndash; Blocks</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.2">3.3.2 &ndash; Chunks</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.3">3.3.3 &ndash; Assignment</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.4">3.3.4 &ndash; Control Structures</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.5">3.3.5 &ndash; For Statement</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.6">3.3.6 &ndash; Function Calls as Statements</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.3.7">3.3.7 &ndash; Local Declarations</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4">3.4 &ndash; Expressions</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.1">3.4.1 &ndash; Arithmetic Operators</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.2">3.4.2 &ndash; Bitwise Operators</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.3">3.4.3 &ndash; Coercions and Conversions</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.4">3.4.4 &ndash; Relational Operators</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.5">3.4.5 &ndash; Logical Operators</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.6">3.4.6 &ndash; Concatenation</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.7">3.4.7 &ndash; The Length Operator</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.8">3.4.8 &ndash; Precedence</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.9">3.4.9 &ndash; Table Constructors</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.10">3.4.10 &ndash; Function Calls</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.4.11">3.4.11 &ndash; Function Definitions</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#3.5">3.5 &ndash; Visibility Rules</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4">4 &ndash; The Application Program Interface</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.1">4.1 &ndash; The Stack</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.2">4.2 &ndash; Stack Size</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.3">4.3 &ndash; Valid and Acceptable Indices</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.4">4.4 &ndash; C Closures</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.5">4.5 &ndash; Registry</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.6">4.6 &ndash; Error Handling in C</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.7">4.7 &ndash; Handling Yields in C</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.8">4.8 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#4.9">4.9 &ndash; The Debug Interface</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5">5 &ndash; The Auxiliary Library</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#5.1">5.1 &ndash; Functions and Types</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6">6 &ndash; Standard Libraries</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.1">6.1 &ndash; Basic Functions</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.2">6.2 &ndash; Coroutine Manipulation</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.3">6.3 &ndash; Modules</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4">6.4 &ndash; String Manipulation</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.1">6.4.1 &ndash; Patterns</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.4.2">6.4.2 &ndash; Format Strings for Pack and Unpack</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.5">6.5 &ndash; UTF-8 Support</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.6">6.6 &ndash; Table Manipulation</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.7">6.7 &ndash; Mathematical Functions</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.8">6.8 &ndash; Input and Output Facilities</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.9">6.9 &ndash; Operating System Facilities</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#6.10">6.10 &ndash; The Debug Library</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#7">7 &ndash; Lua Standalone</A>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8">8 &ndash; Incompatibilities with the Previous Version</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.1">8.1 &ndash; Changes in the Language</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.2">8.2 &ndash; Changes in the Libraries</A>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#8.3">8.3 &ndash; Changes in the API</A>

</UL>

<P>

<LI><A HREF="manual.html#9">9 &ndash; The Complete Syntax of Lua</A>

</UL>

<H2><A NAME="index">Index</A></H2>

<TABLE CLASS="menubar" WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD>

<H3><A NAME="functions">Lua functions</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.1">basic</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_G">_G</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-_VERSION">_VERSION</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-assert">assert</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-collectgarbage">collectgarbage</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-dofile">dofile</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-error">error</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-getmetatable">getmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-ipairs">ipairs</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-load">load</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-loadfile">loadfile</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-next">next</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pairs">pairs</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-pcall">pcall</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-print">print</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawequal">rawequal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawget">rawget</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawlen">rawlen</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-rawset">rawset</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-require">require</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-select">select</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-setmetatable">setmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tonumber">tonumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-tostring">tostring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-type">type</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-xpcall">xpcall</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.2">coroutine</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.create">coroutine.create</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.isyieldable">coroutine.isyieldable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.resume">coroutine.resume</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.running">coroutine.running</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.status">coroutine.status</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.wrap">coroutine.wrap</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-coroutine.yield">coroutine.yield</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.10">debug</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.debug">debug.debug</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.gethook">debug.gethook</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getinfo">debug.getinfo</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getlocal">debug.getlocal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getmetatable">debug.getmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getregistry">debug.getregistry</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getupvalue">debug.getupvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.getuservalue">debug.getuservalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.sethook">debug.sethook</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setlocal">debug.setlocal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setmetatable">debug.setmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setupvalue">debug.setupvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.setuservalue">debug.setuservalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.traceback">debug.traceback</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvalueid">debug.upvalueid</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-debug.upvaluejoin">debug.upvaluejoin</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.8">io</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.close">io.close</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.flush">io.flush</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.input">io.input</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.lines">io.lines</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.open">io.open</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.output">io.output</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.popen">io.popen</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.read">io.read</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stderr">io.stderr</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdin">io.stdin</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.stdout">io.stdout</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.tmpfile">io.tmpfile</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.type">io.type</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-io.write">io.write</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:close">file:close</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:flush">file:flush</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:lines">file:lines</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:read">file:read</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:seek">file:seek</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:setvbuf">file:setvbuf</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-file:write">file:write</A><BR>

</TD>

<TD>

<H3>&nbsp;</H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.7">math</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.abs">math.abs</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.acos">math.acos</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.asin">math.asin</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.atan">math.atan</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ceil">math.ceil</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.cos">math.cos</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.deg">math.deg</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.exp">math.exp</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.floor">math.floor</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.fmod">math.fmod</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.huge">math.huge</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.log">math.log</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.max">math.max</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.maxinteger">math.maxinteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.min">math.min</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.mininteger">math.mininteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.modf">math.modf</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.pi">math.pi</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.rad">math.rad</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.random">math.random</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.randomseed">math.randomseed</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sin">math.sin</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.sqrt">math.sqrt</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tan">math.tan</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.tointeger">math.tointeger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.type">math.type</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-math.ult">math.ult</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.9">os</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.clock">os.clock</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.date">os.date</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.difftime">os.difftime</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.execute">os.execute</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.exit">os.exit</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.getenv">os.getenv</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.remove">os.remove</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.rename">os.rename</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.setlocale">os.setlocale</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.time">os.time</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-os.tmpname">os.tmpname</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.3">package</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.config">package.config</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.cpath">package.cpath</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loaded">package.loaded</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.loadlib">package.loadlib</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.path">package.path</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.preload">package.preload</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchers">package.searchers</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-package.searchpath">package.searchpath</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.4">string</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.byte">string.byte</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.char">string.char</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.dump">string.dump</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.find">string.find</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.format">string.format</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gmatch">string.gmatch</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.gsub">string.gsub</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.len">string.len</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.lower">string.lower</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.match">string.match</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.pack">string.pack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.packsize">string.packsize</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.rep">string.rep</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.reverse">string.reverse</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.sub">string.sub</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.unpack">string.unpack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-string.upper">string.upper</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.6">table</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.concat">table.concat</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.insert">table.insert</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.move">table.move</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.pack">table.pack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.remove">table.remove</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.sort">table.sort</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-table.unpack">table.unpack</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#6.5">utf8</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.char">utf8.char</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.charpattern">utf8.charpattern</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codepoint">utf8.codepoint</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.codes">utf8.codes</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.len">utf8.len</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-utf8.offset">utf8.offset</A><BR>

<H3><A NAME="env">environment<BR>variables</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH">LUA_CPATH</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_CPATH_5_3">LUA_CPATH_5_3</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT">LUA_INIT</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_INIT_5_3">LUA_INIT_5_3</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH">LUA_PATH</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_PATH_5_3">LUA_PATH_5_3</A><BR>

</TD>

<TD>

<H3><A NAME="api">C API</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Alloc">lua_Alloc</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_CFunction">lua_CFunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Debug">lua_Debug</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Hook">lua_Hook</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Integer">lua_Integer</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KContext">lua_KContext</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_KFunction">lua_KFunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Number">lua_Number</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Reader">lua_Reader</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_State">lua_State</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Unsigned">lua_Unsigned</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_Writer">lua_Writer</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_absindex">lua_absindex</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_arith">lua_arith</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_atpanic">lua_atpanic</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_call">lua_call</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_callk">lua_callk</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_checkstack">lua_checkstack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_close">lua_close</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_compare">lua_compare</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_concat">lua_concat</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_copy">lua_copy</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_createtable">lua_createtable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_dump">lua_dump</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_error">lua_error</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gc">lua_gc</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getallocf">lua_getallocf</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getextraspace">lua_getextraspace</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getfield">lua_getfield</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getglobal">lua_getglobal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethook">lua_gethook</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookcount">lua_gethookcount</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gethookmask">lua_gethookmask</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_geti">lua_geti</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getinfo">lua_getinfo</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getlocal">lua_getlocal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getmetatable">lua_getmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getstack">lua_getstack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettable">lua_gettable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_gettop">lua_gettop</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getupvalue">lua_getupvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_getuservalue">lua_getuservalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_insert">lua_insert</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isboolean">lua_isboolean</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_iscfunction">lua_iscfunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isfunction">lua_isfunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isinteger">lua_isinteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_islightuserdata">lua_islightuserdata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnil">lua_isnil</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnone">lua_isnone</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnoneornil">lua_isnoneornil</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isnumber">lua_isnumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isstring">lua_isstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_istable">lua_istable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isthread">lua_isthread</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isuserdata">lua_isuserdata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_isyieldable">lua_isyieldable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_len">lua_len</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_load">lua_load</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newstate">lua_newstate</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newtable">lua_newtable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newthread">lua_newthread</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_newuserdata">lua_newuserdata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_next">lua_next</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_numbertointeger">lua_numbertointeger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcall">lua_pcall</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pcallk">lua_pcallk</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pop">lua_pop</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushboolean">lua_pushboolean</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcclosure">lua_pushcclosure</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushcfunction">lua_pushcfunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushfstring">lua_pushfstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushglobaltable">lua_pushglobaltable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushinteger">lua_pushinteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlightuserdata">lua_pushlightuserdata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushliteral">lua_pushliteral</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushlstring">lua_pushlstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnil">lua_pushnil</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushnumber">lua_pushnumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushstring">lua_pushstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushthread">lua_pushthread</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvalue">lua_pushvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_pushvfstring">lua_pushvfstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawequal">lua_rawequal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawget">lua_rawget</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgeti">lua_rawgeti</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawgetp">lua_rawgetp</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawlen">lua_rawlen</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawset">lua_rawset</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawseti">lua_rawseti</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rawsetp">lua_rawsetp</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_register">lua_register</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_remove">lua_remove</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_replace">lua_replace</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_resume">lua_resume</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_rotate">lua_rotate</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setallocf">lua_setallocf</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setfield">lua_setfield</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setglobal">lua_setglobal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_sethook">lua_sethook</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_seti">lua_seti</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setlocal">lua_setlocal</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setmetatable">lua_setmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settable">lua_settable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_settop">lua_settop</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setupvalue">lua_setupvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_setuservalue">lua_setuservalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_status">lua_status</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_stringtonumber">lua_stringtonumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_toboolean">lua_toboolean</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tocfunction">lua_tocfunction</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointeger">lua_tointeger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tointegerx">lua_tointegerx</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tolstring">lua_tolstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumber">lua_tonumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tonumberx">lua_tonumberx</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_topointer">lua_topointer</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tostring">lua_tostring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_tothread">lua_tothread</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_touserdata">lua_touserdata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_type">lua_type</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_typename">lua_typename</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueid">lua_upvalueid</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvalueindex">lua_upvalueindex</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_upvaluejoin">lua_upvaluejoin</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_version">lua_version</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_xmove">lua_xmove</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yield">lua_yield</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#lua_yieldk">lua_yieldk</A><BR>

</TD>

<TD>

<H3><A NAME="auxlib">auxiliary library</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Buffer">luaL_Buffer</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Reg">luaL_Reg</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_Stream">luaL_Stream</A><BR>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addchar">luaL_addchar</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addlstring">luaL_addlstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addsize">luaL_addsize</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addstring">luaL_addstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_addvalue">luaL_addvalue</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argcheck">luaL_argcheck</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_argerror">luaL_argerror</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinit">luaL_buffinit</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_buffinitsize">luaL_buffinitsize</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_callmeta">luaL_callmeta</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkany">luaL_checkany</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkinteger">luaL_checkinteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checklstring">luaL_checklstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checknumber">luaL_checknumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkoption">luaL_checkoption</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstack">luaL_checkstack</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkstring">luaL_checkstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checktype">luaL_checktype</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkudata">luaL_checkudata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_checkversion">luaL_checkversion</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dofile">luaL_dofile</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_dostring">luaL_dostring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_error">luaL_error</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_execresult">luaL_execresult</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_fileresult">luaL_fileresult</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetafield">luaL_getmetafield</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getmetatable">luaL_getmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_getsubtable">luaL_getsubtable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_gsub">luaL_gsub</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_len">luaL_len</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbuffer">luaL_loadbuffer</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadbufferx">luaL_loadbufferx</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfile">luaL_loadfile</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadfilex">luaL_loadfilex</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_loadstring">luaL_loadstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlib">luaL_newlib</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newlibtable">luaL_newlibtable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newmetatable">luaL_newmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_newstate">luaL_newstate</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_openlibs">luaL_openlibs</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_opt">luaL_opt</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optinteger">luaL_optinteger</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optlstring">luaL_optlstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optnumber">luaL_optnumber</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_optstring">luaL_optstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffer">luaL_prepbuffer</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_prepbuffsize">luaL_prepbuffsize</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresult">luaL_pushresult</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_pushresultsize">luaL_pushresultsize</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_ref">luaL_ref</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_requiref">luaL_requiref</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setfuncs">luaL_setfuncs</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_setmetatable">luaL_setmetatable</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_testudata">luaL_testudata</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_tolstring">luaL_tolstring</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_traceback">luaL_traceback</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_typename">luaL_typename</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_unref">luaL_unref</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#luaL_where">luaL_where</A><BR>

<H3><A NAME="library">standard library</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_base">luaopen_base</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_coroutine">luaopen_coroutine</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_debug">luaopen_debug</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_io">luaopen_io</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_math">luaopen_math</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_os">luaopen_os</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_package">luaopen_package</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_string">luaopen_string</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_table">luaopen_table</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-luaopen_utf8">luaopen_utf8</A><BR>

<H3><A NAME="constants">constants</A></H3>

<P>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRERR">LUA_ERRERR</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRFILE">LUA_ERRFILE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRGCMM">LUA_ERRGCMM</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRMEM">LUA_ERRMEM</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRRUN">LUA_ERRRUN</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_ERRSYNTAX">LUA_ERRSYNTAX</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCALL">LUA_HOOKCALL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKCOUNT">LUA_HOOKCOUNT</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKLINE">LUA_HOOKLINE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKRET">LUA_HOOKRET</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_HOOKTAILCALL">LUA_HOOKTAILCALL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCALL">LUA_MASKCALL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKCOUNT">LUA_MASKCOUNT</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKLINE">LUA_MASKLINE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MASKRET">LUA_MASKRET</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MAXINTEGER">LUA_MAXINTEGER</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MININTEGER">LUA_MININTEGER</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MINSTACK">LUA_MINSTACK</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_MULTRET">LUA_MULTRET</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_NOREF">LUA_NOREF</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OK">LUA_OK</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPADD">LUA_OPADD</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBAND">LUA_OPBAND</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBNOT">LUA_OPBNOT</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBOR">LUA_OPBOR</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPBXOR">LUA_OPBXOR</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPDIV">LUA_OPDIV</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPEQ">LUA_OPEQ</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPIDIV">LUA_OPIDIV</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLE">LUA_OPLE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPLT">LUA_OPLT</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMOD">LUA_OPMOD</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPMUL">LUA_OPMUL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPPOW">LUA_OPPOW</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHL">LUA_OPSHL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSHR">LUA_OPSHR</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPSUB">LUA_OPSUB</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_OPUNM">LUA_OPUNM</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REFNIL">LUA_REFNIL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_REGISTRYINDEX">LUA_REGISTRYINDEX</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS">LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD">LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TBOOLEAN">LUA_TBOOLEAN</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TFUNCTION">LUA_TFUNCTION</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA">LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNIL">LUA_TNIL</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNONE">LUA_TNONE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TNUMBER">LUA_TNUMBER</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TSTRING">LUA_TSTRING</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTABLE">LUA_TTABLE</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TTHREAD">LUA_TTHREAD</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_TUSERDATA">LUA_TUSERDATA</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_USE_APICHECK">LUA_USE_APICHECK</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUA_YIELD">LUA_YIELD</A><BR>

<A HREF="manual.html#pdf-LUAL_BUFFERSIZE">LUAL_BUFFERSIZE</A><BR>

</TD>

</TR>

</TABLE>

<P CLASS="footer">

Last update:

Mon Jun 18 22:56:06 -03 2018

</P>

<!--

Last change: revised for Lua 5.3.5

-->

</BODY>

</HTML>

ul {

	list-style-type: none ;

}

ul.contents {

	padding: 0 ;

}

table {

	border: none ;

	border-spacing: 0 ;

	border-collapse: collapse ;

}

td {

	vertical-align: top ;

	padding: 0 ;

	text-align: left ;

	line-height: 1.25 ;

	width: 15% ;

}

.\" $Id: lua.man,v 1.14 2016/10/17 15:43:50 lhf Exp $

.TH LUA 1 "$Date: 2016/10/17 15:43:50 $"

.SH NAME

lua \- Lua interpreter

.SH SYNOPSIS

.B lua

[

.I options

]

[

.I script

[

.I args

]

]

.SH DESCRIPTION

.B lua

is the standalone Lua interpreter.

It loads and executes Lua programs,

either in textual source form or

in precompiled binary form.

(Precompiled binaries are output by

.BR luac ,

the Lua compiler.)

.B lua

can be used as a batch interpreter and also interactively.

.LP

The given

.I options

are handled in order and then

the Lua program in file

.I script

is loaded and executed.

The given

.I args

are available to

.I script

as strings in a global table named

.BR arg .

If no options or arguments are given,

then

.B "\-v \-i"

is assumed when the standard input is a terminal;

otherwise,

.B "\-"

is assumed.

.LP

In interactive mode,

.B lua

prompts the user,

reads lines from the standard input,

and executes them as they are read.

If the line contains an expression or list of expressions,

then the line is evaluated and the results are printed.

If a line does not contain a complete statement,

then a secondary prompt is displayed and

lines are read until a complete statement is formed or

a syntax error is found.

.LP

At the very start,

before even handling the command line,

.B lua

checks the contents of the environment variables

.B LUA_INIT_5_3

or

.BR LUA_INIT ,

in that order.

If the contents is of the form

.RI '@ filename ',

then

.I filename

is executed.

Otherwise, the string is assumed to be a Lua statement and is executed.

.SH OPTIONS

.TP

.BI \-e " stat"

execute statement

.IR stat .

.TP

.B \-i

enter interactive mode after executing

.IR script .

.TP

.BI \-l " name"

execute the equivalent of

.IB name =require(' name ')

before executing

.IR script .

.TP

.B \-v

show version information.

.TP

.B \-E

ignore environment variables.

.TP

.B \-\-

stop handling options.

.TP

.B \-

stop handling options and execute the standard input as a file.

.SH "SEE ALSO"

.BR luac (1)

.br

The documentation at lua.org,

especially section 7 of the reference manual.

.SH DIAGNOSTICS

Error messages should be self explanatory.

.SH AUTHORS

R. Ierusalimschy,

L. H. de Figueiredo,

W. Celes

.\" EOF

html {

	background-color: #F8F8F8 ;

}

body {

	background-color: #FFFFFF ;

	color: #000000 ;

	font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif ;

	text-align: justify ;

	line-height: 1.25 ;

	margin: 16px auto ;

	padding: 32px ;

	border: solid #ccc 1px ;

	border-radius: 20px ;

	max-width: 70em ;

	width: 90% ;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4 {

	color: #000080 ;

	font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif ;

	font-weight: normal ;

	font-style: normal ;

	text-align: left ;

}

h1 {

	font-size: 28pt ;

}

h1 img {

	vertical-align: text-bottom ;

}

h2:before {

	content: "\2756" ;

	padding-right: 0.5em ;

}

a {

	text-decoration: none ;

}

a:link {

	color: #000080 ;

}

a:link:hover, a:visited:hover {

	background-color: #D0D0FF ;

	color: #000080 ;

	border-radius: 4px ;

}

a:link:active, a:visited:active {

	color: #FF0000 ;

}

div.menubar {

	padding-bottom: 0.5em ;

}

p.menubar {

	margin-left: 2.5em ;

}

.menubar a:hover  {

	margin: -3px -3px -3px -3px ;

	padding: 3px  3px  3px  3px ;

	border-radius: 4px ;

}

:target {

	background-color: #F0F0F0 ;

	margin: -8px ;

	padding: 8px ;

	border-radius: 8px ;

	outline: none ;

}

hr {

	display: none ;

}

table hr {

	background-color: #a0a0a0 ;

	color: #a0a0a0 ;

	border: 0 ;

	height: 1px ;

	display: block ;

}

.footer {

	color: gray ;

	font-size: x-small ;

	text-transform: lowercase ;

}

input[type=text] {

	border: solid #a0a0a0 2px ;

	border-radius: 2em ;

	background-image: url('images/search.png') ;

	background-repeat: no-repeat ;

	background-position: 4px center ;

	padding-left: 20px ;

	height: 2em ;

}

pre.session {

	background-color: #F8F8F8 ;

	padding: 1em ;

	border-radius: 8px ;

}

table {

	border: none ;

	border-spacing: 0 ;

	border-collapse: collapse ;

}

td {

	padding: 0 ;

	margin: 0 ;

}

td.gutter {

	width: 4% ;

}

table.columns td {

	vertical-align: top ;

	padding-bottom: 1em ;

	text-align: justify ;

	line-height: 1.25 ;

}

table.book td {

	vertical-align: top ;

}

table.book td.cover {

	padding-right: 1em ;

}

table.book img {

	border: solid #000080 1px ;

}

table.book span {

	font-size: small ;

	text-align: left ;

	display: block ;

	margin-top: 0.25em ;

}

p.logos a:link:hover, p.logos a:visited:hover {

	background-color: inherit ;

}

img {

	background-color: white ;

}

.\" $Id: luac.man,v 1.29 2011/11/16 13:53:40 lhf Exp $

.TH LUAC 1 "$Date: 2011/11/16 13:53:40 $"

.SH NAME

luac \- Lua compiler

.SH SYNOPSIS

.B luac

[

.I options

] [

.I filenames

]

.SH DESCRIPTION

.B luac

is the Lua compiler.

It translates programs written in the Lua programming language

into binary files containing precompiled chunks

that can be later loaded and executed.

.LP

The main advantages of precompiling chunks are:

faster loading,

protecting source code from accidental user changes,

and

off-line syntax checking.

Precompiling does not imply faster execution

because in Lua chunks are always compiled into bytecodes before being executed.

.B luac

simply allows those bytecodes to be saved in a file for later execution.

Precompiled chunks are not necessarily smaller than the corresponding source.

The main goal in precompiling is faster loading.

.LP

In the command line,

you can mix

text files containing Lua source and

binary files containing precompiled chunks.

.B luac

produces a single output file containing the combined bytecodes

for all files given.

Executing the combined file is equivalent to executing the given files.

By default,

the output file is named

.BR luac.out ,

but you can change this with the

.B \-o

option.

.LP

Precompiled chunks are

.I not

portable across different architectures.

Moreover,

the internal format of precompiled chunks

is likely to change when a new version of Lua is released.

Make sure you save the source files of all Lua programs that you precompile.

.LP

.SH OPTIONS

.TP

.B \-l

produce a listing of the compiled bytecode for Lua's virtual machine.

Listing bytecodes is useful to learn about Lua's virtual machine.

If no files are given, then

.B luac

loads

.B luac.out

and lists its contents.

Use

.B \-l \-l

for a full listing.

.TP

.BI \-o " file"

output to

.IR file ,

instead of the default

.BR luac.out .

(You can use

.B "'\-'"

for standard output,

but not on platforms that open standard output in text mode.)

The output file may be one of the given files because

all files are loaded before the output file is written.

Be careful not to overwrite precious files.

.TP

.B \-p

load files but do not generate any output file.

Used mainly for syntax checking and for testing precompiled chunks:

corrupted files will probably generate errors when loaded.

If no files are given, then

.B luac

loads

.B luac.out

and tests its contents.

No messages are displayed if the file loads without errors.

.TP

.B \-s

strip debug information before writing the output file.

This saves some space in very large chunks,

but if errors occur when running a stripped chunk,

then the error messages may not contain the full information they usually do.

In particular,

line numbers and names of local variables are lost.

.TP

.B \-v

show version information.

.TP

.B \-\-

stop handling options.

.TP

.B \-

stop handling options and process standard input.

.SH "SEE ALSO"

.BR lua (1)

.br

The documentation at lua.org.

.SH DIAGNOSTICS

Error messages should be self explanatory.

.SH AUTHORS

R. Ierusalimschy,

L. H. de Figueiredo,

W. Celes

.\" EOF

h3 code {

	font-family: inherit ;

	font-size: inherit ;

}

pre, code {

	font-size: 12pt ;

}

span.apii {

	color: gray ;

	float: right ;

	font-family: inherit ;

	font-style: normal ;

	font-size: small ;

}

h2:before {

	content: "" ;

	padding-right: 0em ;

}

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<HTML>

<HEAD>

<TITLE>Lua 5.3 Reference Manual</TITLE>

<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="lua.css">

<LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="manual.css">

<META HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">

</HEAD>

<BODY>

<H1>

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/"><IMG SRC="logo.gif" ALT="Lua"></A>

Lua 5.3 Reference Manual

</H1>

<P>

by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, Waldemar Celes

<P>

<SMALL>

Copyright © 2015–2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.

Freely available under the terms of the

<a href="http://www.lua.org/license.html">Lua license</a>.

</SMALL>

<DIV CLASS="menubar">

<A HREF="contents.html#contents">contents</A>

·

<A HREF="contents.html#index">index</A>

·

<A HREF="http://www.lua.org/manual/">other versions</A>

</DIV>

<!-- ====================================================================== -->

<p>

<!-- $Id: manual.of,v 1.167.1.2 2018/06/26 15:49:07 roberto Exp $ -->

<h1>1 &ndash; <a name="1">Introduction</a></h1>

<p>

Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language.

It supports procedural programming,

object-oriented programming, functional programming,

data-driven programming, and data description.

<p>

Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description

constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics.

Lua is dynamically typed,

runs by interpreting bytecode with a register-based

virtual machine,

and has automatic memory management with

incremental garbage collection,

making it ideal for configuration, scripting,

and rapid prototyping.

<p>

Lua is implemented as a library, written in <em>clean C</em>,

the common subset of Standard C and C++.

The Lua distribution includes a host program called <code>lua</code>,

which uses the Lua library to offer a complete,

standalone Lua interpreter,

for interactive or batch use.

Lua is intended to be used both as a powerful, lightweight,

embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one,

and as a powerful but lightweight and efficient stand-alone language.

<p>

As an extension language, Lua has no notion of a "main" program:

it works <em>embedded</em> in a host client,

called the <em>embedding program</em> or simply the <em>host</em>.

(Frequently, this host is the stand-alone <code>lua</code> program.)

The host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code,

can write and read Lua variables,

and can register C functions to be called by Lua code.

Through the use of C functions, Lua can be augmented to cope with

a wide range of different domains,

thus creating customized programming languages sharing a syntactical framework.

<p>

Lua is free software,

and is provided as usual with no guarantees,

as stated in its license.

The implementation described in this manual is available

at Lua's official web site, <code>www.lua.org</code>.

<p>

Like any other reference manual,

this document is dry in places.

For a discussion of the decisions behind the design of Lua,

see the technical papers available at Lua's web site.

For a detailed introduction to programming in Lua,

see Roberto's book, <em>Programming in Lua</em>.

<h1>2 &ndash; <a name="2">Basic Concepts</a></h1>

<p>

This section describes the basic concepts of the language.

<h2>2.1 &ndash; <a name="2.1">Values and Types</a></h2>

<p>

Lua is a <em>dynamically typed language</em>.

This means that

variables do not have types; only values do.

There are no type definitions in the language.

All values carry their own type.

<p>

All values in Lua are <em>first-class values</em>.

This means that all values can be stored in variables,

passed as arguments to other functions, and returned as results.

<p>

There are eight basic types in Lua:

<em>nil</em>, <em>boolean</em>, <em>number</em>,

<em>string</em>, <em>function</em>, <em>userdata</em>,

<em>thread</em>, and <em>table</em>.

The type <em>nil</em> has one single value, <b>nil</b>,

whose main property is to be different from any other value;

it usually represents the absence of a useful value.

The type <em>boolean</em> has two values, <b>false</b> and <b>true</b>.

Both <b>nil</b> and <b>false</b> make a condition false;

any other value makes it true.

The type <em>number</em> represents both

integer numbers and real (floating-point) numbers.

The type <em>string</em> represents immutable sequences of bytes.

Lua is 8-bit clean:

strings can contain any 8-bit value,

including embedded zeros ('<code>\0</code>').

Lua is also encoding-agnostic;

it makes no assumptions about the contents of a string.

<p>

The type <em>number</em> uses two internal representations,

or two subtypes,

one called <em>integer</em> and the other called <em>float</em>.

Lua has explicit rules about when each representation is used,

but it also converts between them automatically as needed (see <a href="#3.4.3">&sect;3.4.3</a>).

Therefore,

the programmer may choose to mostly ignore the difference

between integers and floats

or to assume complete control over the representation of each number.

Standard Lua uses 64-bit integers and double-precision (64-bit) floats,

but you can also compile Lua so that it

uses 32-bit integers and/or single-precision (32-bit) floats.

The option with 32 bits for both integers and floats

is particularly attractive

for small machines and embedded systems.

(See macro <code>LUA_32BITS</code> in file <code>luaconf.h</code>.)

<p>

Lua can call (and manipulate) functions written in Lua and

functions written in C (see <a href="#3.4.10">&sect;3.4.10</a>).

Both are represented by the type <em>function</em>.

<p>

The type <em>userdata</em> is provided to allow arbitrary C&nbsp;data to

be stored in Lua variables.

A userdata value represents a block of raw memory.

There are two kinds of userdata:

<em>full userdata</em>,

which is an object with a block of memory managed by Lua,

and <em>light userdata</em>,

which is simply a C pointer value.

Userdata has no predefined operations in Lua,

except assignment and identity test.

By using <em>metatables</em>,

the programmer can define operations for full userdata values

(see <a href="#2.4">&sect;2.4</a>).

Userdata values cannot be created or modified in Lua,

only through the C API.

This guarantees the integrity of data owned by the host program.

<p>

The type <em>thread</em> represents independent threads of execution

and it is used to implement coroutines (see <a href="#2.6">&sect;2.6</a>).

Lua threads are not related to operating-system threads.

Lua supports coroutines on all systems,

even those that do not support threads natively.

<p>

The type <em>table</em> implements associative arrays,

that is, arrays that can have as indices not only numbers,

but any Lua value except <b>nil</b> and NaN.

(<em>Not a Number</em> is a special value used to represent

undefined or unrepresentable numerical results, such as <code>0/0</code>.)

Tables can be <em>heterogeneous</em>;

that is, they can contain values of all types (except <b>nil</b>).

Any key with value <b>nil</b> is not considered part of the table.

Conversely, any key that is not part of a table has

an associated value <b>nil</b>.

<p>

Tables are the sole data-structuring mechanism in Lua;

they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, lists,

symbol tables, sets, records, graphs, trees, etc.

To represent records, Lua uses the field name as an index.

The language supports this representation by

providing <code>a.name</code> as syntactic sugar for <code>a["name"]</code>.

There are several convenient ways to create tables in Lua

(see <a href="#3.4.9">&sect;3.4.9</a>).

<p>

Like indices,

the values of table fields can be of any type.

In particular,

because functions are first-class values,

table fields can contain functions.

Thus tables can also carry <em>methods</em> (see <a href="#3.4.11">&sect;3.4.11</a>).

<p>

The indexing of tables follows

the definition of raw equality in the language.

The expressions <code>a[i]</code> and <code>a[j]</code>

denote the same table element

if and only if <code>i</code> and <code>j</code> are raw equal

(that is, equal without metamethods).

In particular, floats with integral values

are equal to their respective integers

(e.g., <code>1.0 == 1</code>).

To avoid ambiguities,

any float with integral value used as a key

is converted to its respective integer.

For instance, if you write <code>a[2.0] = true</code>,

the actual key inserted into the table will be the

integer <code>2</code>.

(On the other hand,

2 and "<code>2</code>" are different Lua values and therefore

denote different table entries.)

<p>

Tables, functions, threads, and (full) userdata values are <em>objects</em>:

variables do not actually <em>contain</em> these values,

only <em>references</em> to them.

Assignment, parameter passing, and function returns

always manipulate references to such values;

these operations do not imply any kind of copy.

<p>

The library function <a href="#pdf-type"><code>type</code></a> returns a string describing the type

of a given value (see <a href="#6.1">&sect;6.1</a>).

<h2>2.2 &ndash; <a name="2.2">Environments and the Global Environment</a></h2>

<p>

As will be discussed in <a href="#3.2">&sect;3.2</a> and <a href="#3.3.3">&sect;3.3.3</a>,

any reference to a free name

(that is, a name not bound to any declaration) <code>var</code>

is syntactically translated to <code>_ENV.var</code>.

Moreover, every chunk is compiled in the scope of

an external local variable named <code>_ENV</code> (see <a href="#3.3.2">&sect;3.3.2</a>),

so <code>_ENV</code> itself is never a free name in a chunk.

<p>

Despite the existence of this external <code>_ENV</code> variable and

the translation of free names,

<code>_ENV</code> is a completely regular name.

In particular,

you can define new variables and parameters with that name.

Each reference to a free name uses the <code>_ENV</code> that is

visible at that point in the program,

following the usual visibility rules of Lua (see <a href="#3.5">&sect;3.5</a>).

<p>

Any table used as the value of <code>_ENV</code> is called an <em>environment</em>.