# These require somewhat unusual tools to build and we store the

# generated SVGs in Git to avoid having to rebuild them on all

# systems.

arch-svgs:

	scripts/build-pik.sh assets/images/*.pik

	scripts/build-plantuml.sh assets/images/*.uml

---

title: Radicle Architecture

subtitle: An overview of Radicle components

layout: page

variant: wide

---

These are simple architecture diagrams of Radicle. They're meant to

explain what the major components are and how they interact, at a very

high level of abstraction. The goal is to enable you to learn details

from other documentation, not to explain details here.

# Component diagrams

## Level 0: Radicle network

This diagram shows the very topmost level of abstraction showing the

Radicle network of nodes.

* The core component of Radicle is the node. Each Radicle user runs at

  least one node. Nodes connect to each other to synchronize changes

  and other information, to form the Radicle network.

* Each Radicle user uses the `rad` command line tool, or other tools, to

  administer and interact with their local node. They use the local node

  as a Git server, so they push and pull to it from their local working

  tree.

* A Radicle node can also be used as a read-only Git server using a

  normal Git implementation.

* Public repositories on Radicle nodes can be browsed via the Radicle

  explorer application, using a web browser.

<figure class="diagram">

  <object type="image/svg+xml" data="/assets/images/arch-level-0.svg"></object>

  <figcaption>Level 0 architecture.</figcaption>

</figure>

## Level 1

This diagram shows how parts of Radicle running on a node interact.

* Node storage (typically in `~/.radicle/storege`) is where the Git

  repositories the node stores are located. This also stores copies of

  the repositories as they exist on other nodes.

* The `radicle-node` process synchronizes storage with other nodes.

* The `radicle-httpd` process provides read-only access to the public

  repositories in the node storage, for the Radicle explorer. For

  external explorers, the node must have a public IP address.

* The Git helper for Radicle, `git-helper-rad`, allows the Git client

  to interact with node storage via the file system. It also notifies

  the `radicle-node` process when it has made changes to storage.

* The user uses the `rad` command line tool, or another Radicle

  client, to interact with the node and its contents, e.g, to open or

  manage issues and patches.

<figure class="diagram">

  <object type="image/svg+xml" data="/assets/images/arch-level-1.svg"></object>

  <figcaption>Level 1 architecture</figcaption>

</figure>

# Sequence diagrams

This chapter contains some simplistic sequence diagrams for various

operations involving Radicle.

## Add repository to node storage

In other words, seeding a repository by first retrieving it from

another node.

<figure class="diagram">

  <object type="image/svg+xml" data="/assets/images/arch-seq-repo-to-storage.svg"></object>

  <figcaption>Seeding a remote repository</figcaption>

</figure>

## Check out repository from node storage

<figure class="diagram">

  <object type="image/svg+xml" data="/assets/images/arch-seq-checkout-repo.svg"></object>

  <figcaption>Checking out a  repository</figcaption>

</figure>

## Push to node storage

<figure class="diagram">

  <object type="image/svg+xml" data="/assets/images/arch-seq-push-to-storage.svg"></object>

  <figcaption>Push to node storage</figcaption>

</figure>

right

Node1: cylinder "Radicle node"

move

move

Node2: cylinder "Radicle node"

move right from Node1.e

move down

Exp: box "Radicle" "explorer"

line from Node2.w to Node1.e <-> "sync" above thin

line from Exp.nw to Node1.se -> "http" below aligned thin

line from Exp.ne to Node2.sw -> "http" below aligned thin

move down from Exp.s

Web: ellipse "Web browser"

line from Web.n to Exp.s -> "http" below aligned thin

move down from Node1.s

move

Rad: box "Radicle user"

line from Rad.n to Node1.s <-> "git" below aligned

move down from Node2.s

move

Git: box "Git user"

line from Git.n to Node2.s <- "git fetch" below aligned thin

arc from Rad.s to Web.sw -> 

arc from  Web.se to Git.s <-

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<text x="56.592" y="157.86" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" transform="rotate(-90 56.592,146.16)" dominant-baseline="central">git</text>

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<text x="308.592" y="157.325" text-anchor="middle" fill="rgb(0,0,0)" transform="rotate(-90 308.592,146.16)" dominant-baseline="central">git fetch</text>

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</svg>

down

Node: ellipse "radicle-node" mono "process" width 120%

line <->

Storage: cylinder "Node storage" "~/.radicle/storage" mono small width 140%

line <->

Helper: ellipse "git-helper-rad" mono width 140%

line <->

Working: cylinder "working" "tree"

arc from Node.w to Helper.w <-

move right from Node.e

move right

move down

Httpd: ellipse "radicle-httpd" mono "process" width 140%

line <-> from Node.se to Httpd.nw

line <-> from Httpd.sw to Storage.e

move right from Node.e

move

move

move

Other: ellipse "Other node" dashed

down

move

move

Exp: box "Radicle" "explorer" dashed

line from Other.w to Node.e -> dashed

line from Exp.nw to Httpd.se -> dashed

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stroke-width: 1.5;" width="100" x="449" y="330.01"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="86" x="456" y="351.976">WorkingTree</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="150.5,118.7739,160.5,122.7739,150.5,126.7739,154.5,122.7739" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="26.5" x2="156.5" y1="122.7739" y2="122.7739"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="112" x="33.5" y="116.9649">"rad checkout RID"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="263.5,150.4799,273.5,154.4799,263.5,158.4799,267.5,154.4799" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="162.5" x2="269.5" y1="154.4799" y2="154.4799"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="89" x="169.5" y="148.6709">"where is RID?"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="173.5,182.186,163.5,186.186,173.5,190.186,169.5,186.186" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="167.5" x2="274.5" y1="186.186" y2="186.186"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="78" x="179.5" y="180.377">"path to RID"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="398,213.892,408,217.892,398,221.892,402,217.892" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="162.5" x2="404" y1="217.892" y2="217.892"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="95" x="169.5" y="212.083">"get repository"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="173.5,245.598,163.5,249.598,173.5,253.598,169.5,249.598" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="167.5" x2="409" y1="249.598" y2="249.598"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="118" x="179.5" y="243.789">"repository objects"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="489,277.304,499,281.304,489,285.304,493,281.304" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="162.5" x2="495" y1="281.304" y2="281.304"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="84" x="169.5" y="275.495">"git checkout"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="37.5,309.01,27.5,313.01,37.5,317.01,33.5,313.01" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="31.5" x2="161.5" y1="313.01" y2="313.01"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="28" x="43.5" y="307.201">"OK"</text><!--MD5=[97f1acecc33ed8d85eadf81b9ea85e63]

@startuml

actor User

participant Git

participant Helper

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Git: "rad checkout RID"

Git -> Helper: "where is RID?"

Helper -> Git: "path to RID"

Git -> Storage: "get repository"

Storage -> Git: "repository objects"

Git -> WorkingTree: "git checkout"

Git -> User: "OK"

@enduml

PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 10:22:07 UTC 2020)

(GPL source distribution)

Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment

JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM

Java Version: 21.0.5-ea+8-Debian-1

Operating System: Linux

Default Encoding: UTF-8

Language: en

Country: US

--></g></svg>

@startuml

actor User

participant Git

participant Helper

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Git: "rad checkout RID"

Git -> Helper: "where is RID?"

Helper -> Git: "path to RID"

Git -> Storage: "get repository"

Storage -> Git: "repository objects"

Git -> WorkingTree: "git checkout"

Git -> User: "OK"

@enduml

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stroke-width: 1.5;"/><path d="M458.5,34 C458.5,44 476.5,44 476.5,44 C476.5,44 494.5,44 494.5,34 " fill="none" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 1.5;"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="52" x="447.5" y="313.27">Storage</text><path d="M458.5,327.3719 C458.5,317.3719 476.5,317.3719 476.5,317.3719 C476.5,317.3719 494.5,317.3719 494.5,327.3719 L494.5,353.3719 C494.5,363.3719 476.5,363.3719 476.5,363.3719 C476.5,363.3719 458.5,363.3719 458.5,353.3719 L458.5,327.3719 " fill="#FEFECE" filter="url(#ffdwaiyedg4rq)" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 1.5;"/><path d="M458.5,327.3719 C458.5,337.3719 476.5,337.3719 476.5,337.3719 C476.5,337.3719 494.5,337.3719 494.5,327.3719 " fill="none" style="stroke: #000000; stroke-width: 1.5;"/><polygon fill="#A80036" points="157.5,118.7739,167.5,122.7739,157.5,126.7739,161.5,122.7739" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="26.5" x2="163.5" y1="122.7739" y2="122.7739"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="119" x="33.5" y="116.9649">"git push rad HEAD"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="261.5,150.4799,271.5,154.4799,261.5,158.4799,265.5,154.4799" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="169.5" x2="267.5" y1="154.4799" y2="154.4799"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="80" x="176.5" y="148.6709">"push to RID"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="464.5,182.186,474.5,186.186,464.5,190.186,468.5,186.186" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="273.5" x2="470.5" y1="186.186" y2="186.186"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="102" x="280.5" y="180.377">"update storage"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="398.5,213.892,408.5,217.892,398.5,221.892,402.5,217.892" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="273.5" x2="404.5" y1="217.892" y2="217.892"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="113" x="280.5" y="212.083">"notify of changes"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="180.5,245.598,170.5,249.598,180.5,253.598,176.5,249.598" style="stroke: #A80036; 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@startuml

actor User

participant Git

participant Helper

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Git: "git push rad HEAD"

Git -> Helper: "push to RID"

Helper -> Storage: "update storage"

Helper -> Node: "notify of changes"

Helper -> Git: "OK"

Git -> User: "OK"

@enduml

PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 10:22:07 UTC 2020)

(GPL source distribution)

Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment

JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM

Java Version: 21.0.5-ea+8-Debian-1

Operating System: Linux

Default Encoding: UTF-8

Language: en

Country: US

--></g></svg>

@startuml

actor User

participant Git

participant Helper

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Git: "git push rad HEAD"

Git -> Helper: "push to RID"

Helper -> Storage: "update storage"

Helper -> Node: "notify of changes"

Helper -> Git: "OK"

Git -> User: "OK"

@enduml

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stroke-width: 1.5;" width="53" x="296.5" y="266.598"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="14" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="39" x="303.5" y="288.5639">Other</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="123.5,118.7739,133.5,122.7739,123.5,126.7739,127.5,122.7739" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="26.5" x2="129.5" y1="122.7739" y2="122.7739"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="85" x="33.5" y="116.9649">"rad seed RID"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="313,150.4799,323,154.4799,313,158.4799,317,154.4799" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="135.5" x2="319" y1="154.4799" y2="154.4799"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="83" x="142.5" y="148.6709">"git fetch RID"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="146.5,182.186,136.5,186.186,146.5,190.186,142.5,186.186" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="140.5" x2="324" y1="186.186" y2="186.186"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="78" x="152.5" y="180.377">"Git pack file"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="245.5,213.892,255.5,217.892,245.5,221.892,249.5,217.892" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="135.5" x2="251.5" y1="217.892" y2="217.892"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="98" x="142.5" y="212.083">"add repository"</text><polygon fill="#A80036" points="37.5,245.598,27.5,249.598,37.5,253.598,33.5,249.598" style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;"/><line style="stroke: #A80036; stroke-width: 1.0;" x1="31.5" x2="134.5" y1="249.598" y2="249.598"/><text fill="#000000" font-family="sans-serif" font-size="13" lengthAdjust="spacingAndGlyphs" textLength="28" x="43.5" y="243.789">"OK"</text><!--MD5=[74dcec0b4e931ede0d8d23a1c0ebbe0c]

@startuml

actor User

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Node: "rad seed RID"

Node -> Other: "git fetch RID"

Other -> Node: "Git pack file"

Node -> Storage: "add repository"

Node -> User: "OK"

@enduml

PlantUML version 1.2020.02(Sun Mar 01 10:22:07 UTC 2020)

(GPL source distribution)

Java Runtime: OpenJDK Runtime Environment

JVM: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM

Java Version: 21.0.5-ea+8-Debian-1

Operating System: Linux

Default Encoding: UTF-8

Language: en

Country: US

--></g></svg>

@startuml

actor User

participant Node

database Storage

User -> Node: "rad seed RID"

Node -> Other: "git fetch RID"

Other -> Node: "Git pack file"

Node -> Storage: "add repository"

Node -> User: "OK"

@enduml

#!/bin/bash

set -euo pipefail

if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then

  echo "usage: $0 <path>..."

  exit 1

fi

if ! command -v pikchr-cli 2>&1; then

  echo "error: the 'pikchr-cli' executable is required for formatting"

  exit 1

fi

# Function to process a single file

process() {

    FILE="$1"

    SVG="$2"

    # Ensure the file exists

    if [ ! -f "$FILE" ]; then

      echo "error: '$FILE' does not exist."

      return

    fi

    # Format SVG.

    pikchr-cli "$FILE" > "$SVG"

    echo "Processed $FILE to $SVG"

  }

# Iterate over each file provided as an argument

for file in "$@"; do

  process "$file" "${file%.pik}.svg"

done

#!/bin/bash

set -euo pipefail

if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then

  echo "usage: $0 <path>..."

  exit 1

fi

if ! command -v plantuml 2>&1; then

  echo "error: the 'plantuml' executable is required for formatting"

  exit 1

fi

# Function to process a single file

process() {

    FILE="$1"

    # Ensure the file exists

    if [ ! -f "$FILE" ]; then

      echo "error: '$FILE' does not exist."

      return

    fi

    # Format SVG.

    plantuml -tsvg "$FILE"

    echo "Processed $FILE"

  }

# Iterate over each file provided as an argument

for file in "$@"; do

  process "$file"

done